Future of Jobs Report 2025

Why in News? 

The World Economic Forum (WEF) has released the fifth edition of the “Future of Jobs Report 2025,” which analyzes global labor market trends for the period of 2025-2030. The report highlights the key trends and changes that will shape the global employment market by 2030.

Future of Jobs Report 2025 : Key Headings 

• Future of Jobs Report is a biannual report.
• This report provides an in-depth analysis of the global labor market trends for the upcoming years. 
• The report outlines the developments and shifts expected to influence employment markets globally.
• The report sheds light on emerging technological, social, and economic trends that are expected to cause job disruptions and shape the future job market. 
• The findings of the report are based on data collected from 1,000 leading global employers across 22 industry sectors.
• This report has been meticulously crafted using inputs gathered from 55 economies.
• The report also highlights the 10 fastest-growing jobs, which are anticipated to experience significant demand in the coming years.

Emerging Skill Sets: Between 2025 and 2030:

• Skills in AI, big data, cybersecurity, creative thinking, and multilingualism are expected to grow. 
• Creative thinking skills, combined with resilience, flexibility, and agility, will see a 66% net increase.
• Skills focused on dependability and expansion will grow by only 12%. 
• Basic skills like reading, writing, and arithmetic may see a negative growth rate of 4%.
• Fastest Growing Jobs: The fastest growing jobs by percentage will be in AI and machine learning, software and application developers, and fintech engineers. In terms of volume, jobs in the care economy, such as farm laborers, delivery drivers, construction workers, nursing professionals, and social work, will see the highest increase.
• Job Displacement: According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), repetitive tasks in fields like manufacturing and services are being automated, potentially displacing a significant number of jobs.
• Declining Roles: Certain roles are predicted to decline significantly, such as postal service clerks, bank tellers, data entry clerks, cashiers, and ticket clerks. Automation and digitalization are primarily driving this decline.

Focus on India in Future of Jobs Report 2025 

• Job Trends by 2030: The primary trends expected to shape the future of jobs by 2030 in India are the increase in digital access, geopolitical tensions, and efforts toward climate mitigation. These factors will play a crucial role in transforming the labor market, driving technological advancements and influencing job creation.
• Growing Investments: Indian companies are significantly increasing investments in emerging technologies, including energy technologies, AI, robotics, and autonomous systems. These investments are anticipated to drive major shifts in various sectors and contribute to new job creation.
• • • India is a leader in AI skills enrollment, with strong corporate sponsorship driving growth in Generative AI (GenAI) training. 
• Technology Adoption: India is expected to lead globally in adopting semiconductor and computing technologies (35%), with quantum and encryption technologies (21%) expected to revolutionize business operations. This rapid technology adoption is helping shape India’s future job market, creating new opportunities in tech-driven fields.
• Workforce Growth: India, along with Sub-Saharan African countries, is expected to supply two-thirds of the global workforce in the coming years. This demographic shift is expected to significantly impact global labor markets.

Employment Schemes by the Government of India 

• Make in India: The Make in India initiative aims to transform India into a global manufacturing hub. Its primary objective is to enhance employment opportunities and promote economic prosperity by encouraging domestic and foreign investments in manufacturing.
• Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY): The PMRPY scheme was introduced to incentivize employers for creating new job opportunities. 
• Garib Kalyan Rojgar Abhiyaan (GKRA): The GKRA was a 125-day campaign launched to provide employment to migrant workers and the rural population affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. 
• Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maandhan (PM-SYM): This scheme is aimed at providing old-age security to the unorganized sector workers by offering them a pension scheme. 
• Startup India: The Startup India initiative was introduced to create a conducive environment for startups and new ideas in India. It encourages entrepreneurship and provides support in terms of funding, mentorship, and regulatory relief for new businesses to grow.
• Skill Development and Training Programs: The Skill Development Initiatives include various programs aimed at improving vocational skills. 
• PM-Daksh (Pradhan Mantri Dakshata Aur Kushalta Sampann Hitgrahi Yojana): The PM-Daksh scheme focuses on the upskilling and training of individuals, particularly from marginalized communities, to make them industry-ready and help them secure better employment opportunities.
  • Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA): MGNREGA is a flagship scheme aimed at providing guaranteed employment in rural areas. It focuses on creating rural infrastructure while ensuring livelihood support through wage employment for unskilled laborers.
• Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY): The PMKVY program aims to provide industry-relevant skill training to youth. It is designed to bridge the skills gap by offering certified training programs.
• Employment Mela: The Employment Melas are job fairs organized by the government to bring together job seekers and employers. These events focus on matching job requirements with available candidates, providing on-the-spot employment opportunities.

Challenges in Employment in India

• Youthful Population: India has one of the largest youthful populations in the world, with over 65% of its population being under the age of 35. While this presents a potential workforce advantage, it also brings significant challenges in terms of creating enough job opportunities and ensuring skill development for such a large demographic.
• Education and Skill Gap: A major hurdle to improving employment outcomes in India is the lack of quality education and technical knowledge. Many young people are not equipped with basic digital literacy skills. For example, 75% of them are unable to send an email with attachments, 60% struggle with simple tasks like copying and pasting files. Bridging this gap is crucial to connecting education with industry needs.
• Agricultural Workforce: Approximately 45% of India’s workforce is employed in agriculture, but this sector suffers from low productivity and limited employment opportunities. Despite the large proportion of workers in this sector, the overall contribution of agriculture to GDP is declining, and job creation in this area remains stagnant.
• Gender Disparity: India faces significant challenges in the gender disparity in the labor market. The female labor force participation rate remains low, despite increasing education levels among women.
• Informal Sector: A substantial part of the workforce, around 19%, is employed in the informal sector outside of agriculture. This sector typically lacks job security and labor rights, leading to low productivity and substandard working conditions. There is a need to formalize these jobs to improve employment quality and growth.
• Employment Displacement: As per the International Labour Organization (ILO), the rise of automation and digitization in sectors like manufacturing and services is contributing to job displacement. Automation is replacing low-skill jobs, and there is a growing need to reskill the workforce to adapt to these changes.

Addressing these challenges requires targeted interventions across various sectors, such as improving education quality, encouraging investment, and creating inclusive economic policies to ensure equitable access to job opportunities for all sections of society.

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